All along the history of medicine, case REPORTs have always been a rich resource for teaching and research. Nowadays case REPORTs are published in many medical journals. Publishing these REPORTs often sounds easy, but if not provided in a systematic approach, usually have little value for other researchers and the rejection rate can be extremely high. As the number of submitted REPORTs to medical journals are increasing, the author should know how he/she can select and REPORT the case in order to persuade editors to accept the REPORT. Recently, the case REPORTs have been considered as a source of reliable evidence in evidence based medicine. Interestingly, evidence based REPORTing of cases has come to the center of attention of modern article writers.The case must be chosen properly and presented in a brief but informative way. Both positive and negative outstanding results related to the case must be noted. Discussing characteristics and unique aspects of the case is of paramount importance. The author should try to cite some important references in the discussion section of the article. In the present review, We tried to describe the way in which a clinician  can write and publish a classical case REPORT.

About one century ago, Garrot defined the first disease of inbron error of metabolism. Many diseases have been classified in this category. Organic acidemia with multiple manifestation is one of them. A 12 year old boy with several episodes of metabolic acidosis and one attack with loss of conciousness, but with lack of skin manifestation was admitted to the clinic. His diagnosis as methyl malonic acidemia has definitly been confirmed by sending a sample aboard. Although such diagnosis is difficult to make in Iran, but our information about such case will be helpful in correct diagnosis of any cases with unexplained metabolic acidosis and developmental delay.

The aim of this case REPORT is to present an unusual maxillary first molar with a SINGLE root and a SINGLE canal. The significance of this case is that, according to most endodontics and dental anatomy textbooks, the human maxillary first molar usually has three roots and three or four canals. Based on our literature search, this case REPORT is the second REPORTed maxillary first molar with SINGLE root in the world and the first in Iran. A 42 years old lady with acute pulpits of the left maxillary first molar was referred to our clinic. The probability of the presence of SINGLE root and SINGLE canal of the first molar was considered based on her panoramic view. Access opening revealed a SINGLE wide canal orifice extending from buccal to lingual side. The presence of a SINGLE root and canal was proved by preparing several periapical radiographs with different horizontal angulations during root canal therapy.

Introduction: While human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been a subject of somehow extensive investigation, EPCs from adult mouse hematopoietic system were poorly studied. Present investigation is focused on FVB mouse endothelial progenitor cells in terms of their isolation, purification, and expansion. Materials and Methods: Mononuclear cells collected from murine peripheral blood were cultured in fibronectin coated plate for two weeks, at which point, the adherent cell population were lifted and analyzed in terms of some surface markers. Using FACS Vantage equipped with one-cell deposition unit, SINGLE CD34 positive cells were plated per well already containing medium optimized for SINGLE cell growth. Several clones were then emerged, expanded, and examined in terms of some surface markers. Furthermore, the cells were investigated regarding ability to uptake DiI-ac-LDL and form capillary network on matrigel surfaces. Results: Adherent population of mononuclear cells from mouse peripheral blood was appeared morphologically heterogeneous. About 5% of the adherent cells were CD34 positive. Having optimized their culture condition, several CD34 positive clones were expanded. The cells comprising the clones were DiI-ac-LDL+ and formed capillary-like tube when being seeded on matrigel surfaces. Conclusion: The primary culture of the mononuclear cells from murine peripheral blood contains a very limited number of cells positive for endothelial lineage markers. These cells (adherent CD34 positive) could be expanded by SINGLE cell cloning technique.

Ureteral anomalies, ectopic ureter being one of them, are of the most important urogenital abnormalities because they directly affect kidney function. Several techniques have been used for treatment of ectopic ureter. The goal of obstruction relief can be achieved by either ureteropyelostomy or common sheath ureteral reimplantation for a duplicated system, or reimplantation for a SINGLE system. Heminephrectomy and ureteropyelostomy are well described elsewhere, but several technical points deserve emphasis. Laparoscopic procedures putatively offer reduced morbidity due to less postoperative pain, earlier return of gastrointestinal function, earlier discharge, and a quicker return to work. To our knowledge laparoscopic reimplantation for ectopic ureter has not been REPORTed, yet. We performed laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation on a 29-year-old man with ectopic ureter.

A male patient 32 yrs with history of end stage pulmonary disease and exertional dyspnea (FC In-IV) and survival of 1.5 yrs underwent SINGLE lung transplantation in cardiovascular surgery ward of Imam Khomeini Medical Center. The procedure was successful and the patient discharged of hospital with good condition. After 38 months of operation, the patient is good without any complication.